Speculation and Investigation: Types of Searching

What type of searching is primarily involved in these examples?

1. How many buffalo are there in North America today?
3. Who published the Elect Susie Flynn Presidential Campaign?
5. Who authored the Harry Potter Sorting Hat Personality Test?
7. When was Suzuki's MagicSquares.html last updated?
9. How many films has John Williams the classical guitarist scored?
11. Can Google retrieve historial weather data?
13. What is the highest freshwater lake in Tibet?
15. Who links to New Zealand Golf Cross?
17. Where can I find a picture of a labrador wearing a hat?
19. What is the top speed of earth's fastest animal?