What are Invisible Operators?

cartoon of young man  sensing the invisible operators OR , AND

Invisible and Powerful!

Search engines insert invisible operators into your queries. Each Search Engine handles invisible operators in a unique manner.

View the Video Tutorial to see how invisible operators effect a sample query:

  • curriculum high school

graphic says video. links to flash based video tutorial Video Tutorial on Invisible Operators.

Google vs AltaVista: Invisible Showdown

Google automatically inserts the AND operator between each word:  curriculum AND high AND school

As a result, Google searches for documents that have all three query terms:  curriculum AND high AND school.  Google then assumes these terms don't have to occur together or in the specified order. The terms just have to occur somewhere in the document.

AltaVista, on the other hand, inserts an invisible OR between your query terms:  curriculum OR high OR school

As a result, AltaVista searches for documents that contain either curriculum OR high OR school.  AltaVista gives a higher rank to documents with all three terms;  however, you will still retrieve documents that contain only one or two of your query terms.

Why the difference?  Each search engine chooses the operators they believe will be most helpful to its users.  You can change the operators that are used in your queries by inserting or choosing visible operators.  But it is important to understand what invisible operators are used if you don't choose for yourself. 

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Authored by Lora K. Kaisler and Dennis O'Connor